notas clínicas0 Multiple extraneural metastasis of glioblastoma multiforme Metástasis extraneurales múltiples de glioblastoma multiforme
نویسندگان
چکیده
introduction. Glioblastoma multiforme is the most frequent primary tumor in the brain. Despite improvements in its surgical, chemotherapy and radiotherapy treatment, prognosis remains poor. Extracranial metastases of glioblastoma are a rare complication in this disease. Its appearance has been described in lung, liver, bone or lymph nodes. case report. We describe the case of a 20 year-old patient who complained of a subacute-onset headache. In the MRI an enhancing right temporal lesion was detected suggesting a high grade glioma as first diagnosis. Surgery was performed, obtaining a gross total resection of the lesion. Our patient underwent adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy treatment, according to our hospital’s protocol. Five months after initial surgery our patient complained of chest pain and a hacking cough. A thoracicabdominal-pelvic CT scan was obtained, which showed bilateral lung infiltrates with pleural effusion, a pancreatic nodule and several vertebral lytic lesions. The lung lesions were biopsied. The pathologic diagnosis was metastatic glioblastoma multiforme. The patient died eight months after initial diagnosis. conclusion. Extracranial metastases of glioblastoma remain a rare event although its incidence is increasing, probably due to the improvement in survival among these patients and better imaging techniques. The mechanisms for extracranial dissemination of glioblastoma are not entirely known, as several theories exist in this regard. Physicians must be aware of this complication and keep it in mind as a differential diagnosis to improve the quality of life of our patients. REsUMEn Fundamento. Los glioblastomas multiformes son los tumores cerebrales primarios más frecuentes. A pesar de los avances en su tratamiento quirúrgico, quimioterápico y radioterápico su pronóstico sigue siendo pobre. Las metástasis extracraneales de glioblastoma multiforme suponen una rara complicación dentro del curso de la enfermedad y ha sido descrita su aparición en distintas localizaciones como pulmón, hígado, hueso o ganglios linfáticos. caso clínico. Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 20 años que consultó por un cuadro de evolución subaguda. Se obtuvo una RMN cerebral que demostró la presencia de una lesión temporal derecha, que sugería un glioma de alto grado como primera posibilidad diagnóstica. Se intervino a la paciente, realizando una resección macroscópicamente completa de la lesión. Se administró tratamiento radioterápico y quimioterápico adyuvante, de acuerdo con el protocolo de nuestro centro. Cinco meses después de la cirugía la paciente consultó por dolor torácio y tos seca. Se realizó un TAC toraco-abdomino-pélvico, que mostró la presencia de infiltrados pulmonares bilaterales con derrame pleural asociado, un nódulo pancreático y varias lesiones vertebrales líticas. Las lesiones pulmonares fueron biopsiadas. El diagnóstico anatomopatológico fue de metástasis de glioblastoma multiforme. La paciente falleció ocho meses después del diagnóstico inicial conclusiones. Las metástasis extracraneales de glioblastoma multiforme son un suceso poco frecuente, aunque su incidencia está aumentando en posible relación con el aumento de la supervivencia de nuestros pacientes. La aparición de esta complicación se asocia a un estado terminal de la enfermedad. A pesar de su baja frecuencia se debe mantener un alto nivel de sospecha en su diagnóstico para poder mejorar la calidad de vida de estos pacientes. 1. Neurosurgery Department. Donostia University Hospital. San Sebastián, Spain 2. Surgery Department. University of the Basque Country Medical School. San Sebastián, Spain 3. Neurosurgery Department. Thomas Jefferson University Hospitals. Philadelphia (PA), USA 4. Pathology Department. Donostia University Hospital. San Sebastián, Spain Recepción: 9 de noviembre de 2014 Aceptación provisional: 7 de enero de 2015 Aceptación definitiva: 7 de enero de 2015 corresponding author J. Undabeitia Servicio de Neurocirugia Hospital Universitario Donostia C/ Dr. Beguiristain 117 20080 San Sebastián Gipuzkoa Email: [email protected] Authors declare no conflict on interests Funding: n/a Contenido Multiple extraneural metastasis of glioblastoma multiforme 157
منابع مشابه
Extraneural Metastasis Of Glioblastoma Multiforme Case Report
The ca.se of a 26-year-old man with extraneuraI metastasis from intraaaniaI gliobIastoma multiforme is presented. The patient was operated on three times in five years. After the second operation, metastasis occurred direct to the cranium and
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